Why choose citizenship by investment?
Citizenship by investment and residency by investment have become key tools for families, professionals, and investors seeking international mobility, tax advantages, and access to global markets. According to the 2025 Henley & Partners report, the residency and citizenship by investment market generates over $30 billion annually worldwide, consolidating itself as a growing industry.
General requirements for residency by investment
Although each country has its own regulations, there are common requirements that applicants must meet to obtain residency by investment:
- Minimum investment: usually between €250,000 and €500,000 in real estate or financial contributions.
- Clean record: no criminal history.
- Proof of funds: demonstrate the legitimate origin of the investment.
- Health insurance: cover medical expenses in the destination country.
- Physical residence: some countries require a minimum annual stay.
Specific requirements of main residency and investment programs
Residency in Spain for investors
The Spanish Golden Visa was eliminated in 2024, but there are other paths for investors seeking residency in the country, such as the Spain Passive Income Residency Program. Starting from €150,000, it allows obtaining Spanish residency through a secure and profitable investment, with guaranteed returns and free movement within the Schengen Area.
Portugal: residency after the Golden Visa
Portugal now offers the possibility of obtaining residency through investment in capital funds or innovation projects, with a minimum of €500,000. According to SEF, more than 12,000 families have joined the program since its creation.
Greece: real estate residency
Greece remains one of the most accessible programs in Europe: a minimum investment of €250,000 in real estate. In 2024, Greece surpassed 10,000 permits issued, consolidating itself as a Mediterranean leader.
Caribbean: fast and accessible citizenship
Caribbean countries such as Grenada, Dominica, or Antigua and Barbuda offer citizenship by investment starting from $100,000 through national fund contributions or from $200,000 in real estate. These programs allow obtaining a passport in under six months, with visa-free access to over 140 countries.
United States: EB-5
The EB-5 program allows obtaining a Green Card through a minimum investment of $800,000 in rural or employment areas. In 2024, over 10,000 applications were approved, especially from Asian investors.
Essential requirements for citizenship by investment
Unlike residency, citizenship by investment grants the country’s passport. Common requirements include:
- Economic contribution: donation to national funds or real estate investment.
- Processing time: varies between 3 months (Caribbean) and 7 years (Spain or Italy through prior residency).
- Commitment to the country: some programs require cultural or historical integration tests.
- No criminal record: universal requirement.
Benefits of obtaining citizenship or residency by investment
- Global mobility: passports such as those from Malta or Portugal offer visa-free access to over 180 countries.
- Tax advantages: countries like Greece or Portugal offer special regimes for non-habitual residents.
- Education and healthcare: access to high-quality systems for the whole family.
- Security and stability: asset protection in stable jurisdictions.
How Orience streamlines your process
At Orience we offer a comprehensive service to:
- Assess which investment program best fits your profile.
- Advise you on preparing the required documentation.
- Connect you with verified funds, projects, or properties.
- Reduce approval times through optimized processes.
Frequently asked questions about residency and citizenship by investment
What is the minimum investment required to obtain citizenship by investment?
It depends on the country: in the Caribbean it starts at $100,000, in Europe between €250,000 and €500,000, and in the U.S. $800,000 through EB-5.
Which countries allow dual citizenship through investment?
Malta, Portugal, Greece, and most Caribbean countries allow retaining your original nationality when acquiring a new one.
Which is better: residency or citizenship by investment?
Residency is more accessible and faster, while citizenship provides a passport and full rights. The choice depends on your goals.
How long does the citizenship by investment process take?
In the Caribbean, it takes between 3 and 6 months; in Malta between 12 and 36 months; and in other European countries it usually takes between 5 and 7 years.
Which is the best country to obtain residency by investment in 2025?
Greece and Portugal lead in Europe, while Dominica and Grenada stand out in the Caribbean for their speed and accessibility.
Conclusion
Residency and citizenship by investment programs represent a unique opportunity for those seeking freedom, security, and international mobility. With the guidance of Orience, you can identify the most suitable country, meet the essential requirements, and obtain your residency or citizenship safely and efficiently.